Answer and Explanation 1

1.  The correct answer is B intrinsic factor.  This type of anemia, pernicious anemia, is caused by the lack of intrinsic factor being secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach.  If a patient is lacking in intrinsic factor the Vitamin B12 should ideally be administered parenterally.   Another common nutritional deficiency that manifests itself as a macrocytic anemia is folic acid.  This is common in patients that have had gastric bypass and who are pregnant.  A common microcytic hypochromic anemia is iron deficiency anemia.  Gastrin helps with digestion and regulate pH and is also produced by the parietal cells.  HCO3 also helps in regulation of the pH of the stomach.  Cycylooxygenase helps with prostaglandin synthesis.  This pathway is impaired with NSAID use.